DR. WARREN S GRUNDFEST, M.D.
Radiology in Los Angeles, CA

6697657, Feb 24, 2004

Jun 28, 2000

09/605176

Vasilis Z. Marmarelis - Irvine CA
Warren S. Grundfest - Los Angeles CA

Cedars-Sinai Medical Center - Los Angeles CA

A61B 500

600323, 600317, 600329

Methods and devices for Laser Induced Fluorescence Attenuation Laser Induced Fluorescence Attenuation Spectroscopy (LIFAS) Spectrocopy, including, in particular, methods and devices for the detection of ischemia and hypoxia in biological tissue. The LIFAS method and apparatus preferably include a source adapted to emit radiation that is directed at a sample volume in a sample to produce return light from the sample, such return light including modulated return light resulting from modulation by the sample, a first sensor, displaced by a first distance from the sample volume for monitoring the return light and generating a first signal indicative of the intensity of return light, a second sensor, displaced by a second distance from the sample volume for monitoring the return light and generating a second signal indicative of the intensity of return light, and a processor associated with the first sensor and the second sensor and adapted to process the first and second signals so as to determine the modulation of the sample. The methods and devices of the inventions are particularly well-suited for determining the wavelength-dependent attenuation of a sample and using the attenuation to restore the intrinsic laser induced fluorescence of the sample. In turn, the attenuation and intrinsic laser induced fluorescence can be used to determined a characteristic of interest, such as the ischemic or hypoxic condition of biological tissue.

6232609, May 15, 2001

Dec 1, 1995

8/566313

Wendy J. Snyder - Hermosa Beach CA
Warren S. Grundfest - Los Angeles CA

Cedars-Sinai Medical Center - Los Angeles CA

G01N 2164

2504611

A glucose monitor, and related method, determines the concentration of glucose in a sample with water, using a predictive regression model. The glucose monitor illuminates the sample with ultraviolet excitation light that induces the water and any glucose present in the sample to emit return light that includes raman scattered light and glucose emission or fluorescence light. The return light is monitored and processed using a predictive regression model to determine the concentration of glucose in the sample. The predictive regression model accounts for nonlinearities between the glucose concentration and intensity of return light within different wavelength bands at a predetermined excitation light energy or the intensity of return light within a predetermined wavelength band at different excitation energy levels. A fiber-optic waveguide is used to guide the excitation light from a laser excitation source to the sample and the return light from the sample to a sensor.

5341805, Aug 30, 1994

Apr 6, 1993

8/043580

Marigo Stavridi - Los Angeles CA
Warren S. Grundfest - Los Angeles CA

Cedars-Sinai Medical Center - Los Angeles CA

A61B 500

128633

A glucose monitor, and related method, determines the concentration of glucose in a sample by monitoring fluorescent light produced directly by any glucose present in the sample. The glucose monitor illuminates the sample with ultraviolet excitation light that induces any glucose present in the sample to fluoresce, with the fluorescent light being monitored and processed to determine the concentration of glucose in the sample. A sensor monitors the return light, which includes fluorescent light produced by any glucose in the sample, and generates first and second electrical signals indicative of the intensity of light in two wavelength bands. One wavelength band includes a characteristic spectral peak of glucose fluorescence, and the other wavelength band is a reference band having known spectral characteristics. A processor then processes the first and second electrical signals to determine the concentration of glucose in the sample. A fiber-optic waveguide is used to guide the excitation light from the laser light source to the sample and the return light from the sample to the sensor.

5456252, Oct 10, 1995

Sep 30, 1993

8/129406

Sandor G. Vari - Encino CA
Theodore Papazoglou - Heraklion, GR
Warren S. Grundfest - Los Angeles CA

Cedars-Sinai Medical Center - Los Angeles CA

A61B 600

128633

A medical monitor, and related method, determines a pre-existing physiological property of an organ of a patient by monitoring fluorescent light produced by constituents associated with the metabolic and structural condition of the organ. The monitor illuminates the organ with ultraviolet excitation light that induces some constituents of the organ to fluoresce, with the fluorescent light being monitored and processed to determine pre-existing physiological properties of the organ. A sensor monitors the return light, which includes fluorescent light produced by the fluorescent constituents of the organ, and generates first and second electrical signals indicative of the intensity of light at two wavelength. One wavelength is associated with the fluorescence of collagen, a constituent associated with organ's structural properties, and the other wavelength is a associated with the fluorescence of NADH, a constituent associated with the organ's metabolism. A processor then processes the first and second electrical signals to determine the localized pH of the organ.

6272376, Aug 7, 2001

Jan 22, 1999

9/235710

Laura Marcu - So. Pasadena CA
Warren S. Grundfest - Los Angeles CA
Jean-Michel I. Maarek - Rancho Palos Verdes CA

Cedars-Sinai Medical Center - Los Angeles CA

A61B 600

600477

A method of analysis of organic matter, called Time-Resolved, Laser-Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy (TR-LIFS), characterizes and discriminates certain matter, such as tissue, by investigating the fluoresence response of the protein and lipid fluorophore components in both the spectral domain and time domain. This method is more robust than prior methods as (1) can investigate the matter at muplitple wavelengths and even across an entire spectrum and (2) is more sensitive to picking up weaker fluorescence signals such as that from lipids. A detailed study of the use of TR-LIFs for the charaterization of arterial wall tisse is described. A system and instrumentation for practicing the novel method is also disclosed.

5633883, May 27, 1997

Mar 17, 1994

8/214776

Weiqiang Shi - Los Angeles CA
Warren S. Grundfest - Los Angeles CA

Cedars-Sinai Medical Center - Los Angeles CA

H01S 310

372 20

A compact solid state source of coherent laser light in the range of about 298 nm through about 355 nm utilizes a Nd:YAG or Nd:YLF laser to pump a tunable Ti:Al. sub. 2 O. sub. 3 laser. The beam from the Nd:YAG/Nd:YLF laser is then combined in a nonlinear optical crystal with the tunable beam from the Ti:Al. sub. 2 O. sub. 3 laser to provide a continuously tunable laser beam in the range of about 298 nm through about 355 nm.

5163933, Nov 17, 1992

Oct 22, 1990

7/601410

Warren S. Grundfest - Los Angeles CA

Cedars-Sinai Medical Center - Los Angeles CA

A61N 506

606 99

What is disclosed is a method of removing bone cement by use of an excimer laser. This method is useful in prosthetic joint replacement surgery. Ablation of the bone cement by means of the excimer laser allows for prosthetic replacement without tearing or damage to the natural tissue, bone or limb to which the prosthesis is attached. Lasers used have an intensity level of at least 50 kilowatts and wavelengths ranging from 157-400 nm.

5363388, Nov 8, 1994

Oct 18, 1991

7/781328

Weiqiang Shi - Los Angeles CA
Warren S. Grundfest - Los Angeles CA

Cedars-Sinai Medical Center - Los Angeles CA

H01S 310

372 20

A compact solid state source of coherent laser light in the range of about 298 nm through about 355 nm utilizes a Nd:YAG or Nd:YLF laser to pump a tunable Ti:Al. sub. 2 O. sub. 3 laser. The beam from the Nd:YAG/Nd:YLF laser is then combined in a nonlinear optical crystal with the tunable beam from the Ti:Al. sub. 2 O. sub. 3 laser to provide a continuously tunable laser beam in the range of about 298 nm through about 355 nm.

5662587, Sep 2, 1997

Aug 16, 1994

8/291428

Warren Scott Grundfest - Los Angeles CA
Joel W. Burdick - Pasadena CA
Andrew Brett Slatkin - Pasadena CA

Cedars Sinai Medical Center - Los Angeles CA
California Institute of Technology - Pasadena CA

A61B 104

600114

A robot for performing endoscopic procedures in flexible and curved human or animal lumens. A plurality of segments are attached to each other. Traction segments embrace the lumen walls. Other segments include actuators that cause the endoscope to locally deform its shape via bending, extending, or some combination of bending and extension. A method is provided to sequence the action of the segments to cause inchworm-like or snake-like locomotion, or a combination of them through a curved and flexible lumen. The method of movement can be adapted to the lumen characteristics, or to obviate a component failure. A compressed gas line attached to the back segment provides compressed gas for insufflation of the lumen, and can optionally be used to drive the actuators that control the operation of the endoscope segments. The lead segment may include television cameras, ultrasound transducers, biopsy arms, drug delivery systems, or other sensors, diagnostic aids, therapeutic devices, and surgical tools. Medical instruments and sensors can also be placed in the rear or middle segments.