STEVEN CHRISTOPHER BAGLEY, MD
Psychiatric in Palo Alto, CA

5548700, Aug 20, 1996

Mar 29, 1993

8/039553

Steven C. Bagley - Palo Alto CA
Gary E. Kopec - Belmont CA

Xerox Corporation - Stamford CT

G06F 1700

395144

Character level text editing is performed on an image without recognizing characters, by operating on a character-size array obtained from a two-dimensional array defining an image region. A processor, in response to a request for a text editing operation, accesses an edit data structure that includes the image region array and performs the operation. The character-size array is obtained by dividing the image region array when necessary. An image region array that includes more than one line is divided along interline spaces. An image region array that includes one line is divided along intercharacter spaces. Character-size arrays are divided out of larger arrays by finding connected component bounding boxes, and then determining from the bounding boxes whether the connected components are likely to form a character. If so, the connected components are used to obtain the character-size array and spatial data about position, size, and shape of the character. Smaller arrays and spatial data can replace a larger array in the edit data structure.

5748805, May 5, 1998

Jul 11, 1994

8/272452

M. Margaret Withgott - Los Altos CA
William Newman - Cambridge, GB2
Steven C. Bagley - Palo Alto CA
Daniel P. Huttenlocher - Ithaca NY
Ronald M. Kaplan - Palo Alto CA
Todd A. Cass - Cambridge MA
Per-Kristian Halvorsen - Los Altos CA
John Seely Brown - San Francisco CA
Martin Kay - Menlo Park CA

Xerox Corporation - Stamford CT

G06K 903

382306

A method and apparatus for applying morphological image criteria that identify image units in an undecoded document image having significant information content, and for retrieving related data that supplements the document either from elsewhere within the document or a source external to the document. The retrieved data can result from character code recognition or template matching of the identified significant image units, or the retrieved data can result directly from an analysis of the morphological image characteristics of the identified significant image units. A reading machine can allow a user to browse and select documents or segments thereof, and to obtain interactive retrieval of documents and supplemental data.

5167016, Nov 24, 1992

Dec 29, 1989

7/459026

Steven C. Bagley - Palo Alto CA
Ronald M. Kaplan - Palo Alto CA
Wayland R. Hicks - New Canaan CT
Daniel Davies - Palo Alto CA

Xerox Corporation - Stamford CT

G06F 1520

395144

An existing character, in a text defined in image form by data such as a two-dimensional array, is copied to add a new character to the text. The existing character is found by performing character recognition on a two-dimensional data array defining an image that includes part of the text, such as a page. The array can be obtained from a scanner. A word that is recognized as including characters of the type needed is tested to determine whether it can be divided into the correct number of characters. The word is divided by finding connected components in the part of the array in which the word was found during recognition. The connected components are grouped into sets, each set being likely to be a character. If the word can be correctly divided, character-size arrays for its characters are obtained and saved. One of the arrays for the character type of the new character is selected and used to produce an array for the word in which it is included.

5390259, Feb 14, 1995

Nov 19, 1991

7/794191

M. Margaret Withgott - Los Altos CA
Steven C. Bagley - Palo Alto CA
Dan S. Bloomberg - Palo Alto CA
Daniel P. Huttenlocher - Ithaca NY
Ronald M. Kaplan - Palo Alto CA
Todd A. Cass - Cambridge MA
Per-Kristian Halvorsen - Los Altos CA
Ramana B. Rao - San Francisco CA
Douglass R. Cutting - Menlo Park CA

Xerox Corporation - Rochester NY

G06K 900

382 9

A method and apparatus for processing a document image, using a programmed general or special purpose computer, includes forming the image into image units, and at least one image unit classifier of at least one of the image units is determined, without decoding the content of the at least one of the image units. The classifier of the at least one of the image units is then compared with a classifier of another image unit. The classifier may be image unit length, width, location in the document, font, typeface, cross-section, the number of ascenders, the number of descenders, the average pixel density, the length of the top line contour, the length of the base contour, the location of image units with respect to neighboring image units, vertical position, horizontal inter-image unit spacing, and so forth. The classifier comparison can be a comparison with classifiers of image units of words in a reference table, or with classifiers of other image units in the document. Equivalent classes of image units can be generated, from which word frequency and significance can be determined.

5491760, Feb 13, 1996

May 9, 1994

8/240284

M. Margaret Withgott - Los Altos CA
Steven C. Bagley - Palo Alto CA
Dan S. Bloomberg - Palo Alto CA
Per-Kristian Halvorsen - Los Altos CA
Daniel P. Huttenlocher - Ithaca NY
Todd A. Cass - Cambridge MA
Ronald M. Kaplan - Palo Alto CA
Ramana R. Rao - San Francisco CA

Xerox Corporation - Stamford CT

G06K 946

382203

A method and apparatus for excerpting and summarizing an undecoded document image, without first converting the document image to optical character codes such as ASCII text, identifies significant words, phrases and graphics in the document image using automatic or interactive morphological image recognition techniques, document summaries or indices are produced based on the identified significant portions of the document image. The disclosed method is particularly adept for improvement of reading machines for the blind.