Robert Lonfield Stephen
Physician in Salt Lake City, UT

4559033, Dec 17, 1985

Aug 12, 1983

6/522907

Robert L. Stephen - Salt Lake City UT
Carl Kablitz - Salt Lake City UT
Barry K. Hanover - Salt Lake City UT
Stephen C. Jacobsen - Salt Lake City UT
Jeffrey J. Harrow - Salt Lake City UT

University of Utah Research Foundation - Salt Lake City UT

A61M 500, A61M 3100

604 49

The present invention is directed to subcutaneous peritoneal injection catheters and methods which minimize catheter obstruction during use. The apparatus includes a receiving chamber or reservoir having a relatively small internal volume while employing a penetrable membrane and relatively enlarged target surface area. The reservoir is interconnected with the peritoneal cavity by a hollow stem. The penetrable membrane accommodates a hollow needle being inserted into the receiving reservoir and is configurated with a dome-like profile so that the membrane may also be depressed to expel insulin from the receiving reservoir into the peritoneal cavity in a direction generally toward the mesenteric peritoneal membrane. The distal end of the hollow stem (which is situated inside the peritoneal cavity), is constructed so as to minimize the likelihood of catheter obstruction during use by a patient. For example, in one presently preferred embodiment of the invention, the distal end of the stem is provided with two, parallel, diametrally enlarged flanges.

4979938, Dec 25, 1990

May 11, 1989

7/350227

Robert L. Stephen - Salt Lake City UT
Tomasz J. Petelenz - Salt Lake City UT
Stephen C. Jacobsen - Salt Lake City UT

Iomed, Inc. - Salt Lake City UT

A61N 130

604 20

A method is disclosed for treating acne, boils and similar skin disorders which are characterized by closed, blocked channels in the epidermis of the skin. The method comprises applying an applicator electrode on the skin of the person to be treated; providing a relatively small amount of water containing dissolved ions in contact with the applicator electrode and the affected tissue; applying a dispersive electrode on the skin of the person to be treated; applying a voltage differential to the applicator and dispersive electrodes such that the applicator electrode has a negative charge and the dispersive electrode has a positive charge; producing hydroxyl ions at the applicator electrode to develop a strongly alkaline solution therein, and driving the ions down the channels of the affected tissue by iontophoresis; continuing the application of the voltage differential to the applicator and dispersive electrodes for a time sufficient to disrupt the blockage of the channels in the affected tissue and to establish drainage from the channels.

4915685, Apr 10, 1990

Jun 19, 1987

7/064769

Tomasz J. Petelenz - Salt Lake City UT
Stephen C. Jacobsen - Salt Lake City UT
Robert L. Stephen - Salt Lake City UT
Jiri Janata - Salt Lake City UT

A61N 130

604 20

Methods and apparatus for administering known quantities of medicaments by iontophoresis, while avoiding burns caused by extremes in the pH of the medicament medium during passage of an electric current, are disclosed. It is known that as iontophoresis progresses in conventional iontophoresis systems, the electrolysis of water occurs to produce hydrogen or hydroxyl ions at the interface of the electrode and medicament medium. Since these ions are highly mobile, they are transported directly into the skin of a patient in preference to the larger medicament ions. Thus, extreme changes in pH are experienced which result in burns due to the acidificaion or alkalinization of the medicament medium and passage of electric current through the skin. In addition, the efficiency of iontophoresis decreases over time. The present invention avoids extremes in pH by removing the hydrogen or hydroxyl ions which are created during iontophoresis and creates conditions for constant delivery over prolonged periods of time.

4335716, Jun 22, 1982

Nov 21, 1980

6/208967

Robert L. Stephen - Salt Lake City UT
Carl Kablitz - Salt Lake City UT
Dietz van Dura - Salt Lake City UT
Curtis L. Atkin - Salt Lake City UT
Stephen C. Jacobsen - Salt Lake City UT

University of Utah Research Foundation - Salt Lake City UT

A61J 700

128213A

A composition and method for use with peritoneal dialysis patients for preventing or treating dialysis induced peritonitis. The method utilizes a flush solution of normal saline to prepare the peritoneal cavity for infusion of a dilute iodine solution which operates to kill pathogenic organisms contained therein. The dilute iodine solution has a combination I. sub. 2 and HIO concentration in the approximate range of 0. 1 ppm to 15 ppm and requires residence time of less than five minutes to provide an effective kill. The serial application of flush and dilute iodine solutions may be applied as part of a regular peritoneal dialysis program to prevent peritonitis or may be used with greater frequency as treatment for existing dialysis induced peritonitis.

5486160, Jan 23, 1996

May 4, 1994

8/237672

Cino Rossi - Rome, IT
Silvio Eruzzi - Mantova, IT
Robert L. Stephen - Salt Lake City UT
Franco Lugnani - Trieste, IT

Physion S.r.l.

A61N 105

604 21

Device for the combined electropharmacological treatment of the bladder and the prostatic urethra including a bougie comprising a flexible tubular body, openings for connection to the outside, an opening in its tip and elastic sealing elements arranged perimetrically around it, the bougie being internally provided with a stem-like electrode having two independent conductors, one shorter than the other, and suitable to perform a combined electropharmacological treatment of the bladder and of the prostatic urethra.

4190047, Feb 26, 1980

Aug 26, 1977

5/828073

Stephen C. Jacobsen - Salt Lake City UT
Robert L. Stephen - Salt Lake City UT
David F. Knutti - Salt Lake City UT
Carl Kablitz - Salt Lake City UT

University of Utah - Salt Lake City UT

A61M 500, A61M 103

128213A

Metabolic waste products from the blood of a patient are removed by pumping dialysis solution into the peritoneal cavity of the patient, and then (a) removing a portion of the dialysis solution from the peritoneal cavity which portion may vary from 1 percent to 90 percent of the total amount of dialysis solution administered to the peritoneal cavity and, (b) "cleaning" (removing metabolic waste products) this solution either through a dialyzer or by means of sorbent modules and then returning this same (cleansed) fluid into the peritoneal cavity. This cycle is repeated again and again until the desired amount of metabolic waste products are removed. Another subcutaneous peritoneal catheter is shown in the U. S. patent application Ser. No. 594,374 filed July 9, 1975, since abandoned in favor of Continuation-in-part Application Ser. No.

5087242, Feb 11, 1992

Jul 21, 1989

7/383939

Tomasz J. Petelenz - Salt Lake City UT
Stephen C. Jacobsen - Salt Lake City UT
Robert L. Stephen - Salt Lake City UT
Jon Beck - Salt Lake City UT
Jin Shimada - Falcon Heights MN

Iomed, Inc. - Salt Lake City UT

A61N 130

604 20

A hydratable iontophoretic bioelectrode includes a layer of material for absorbing and holding an ionized fluid when placed in contact with the fluid. A conductive sheet of material is positioned in contact with one side of the layer of material and is connectable to an electrical charged source to receive a charge of the same polarity as the polarity of ions in the fluid. A support base holds the layer of material and conductive sheets in place to enable placement of the layer of material against the skin or tissue of a person into which ions from the ionized fluid are to be delivered. This is carried out by applying the charge in question to the conductive sheet to cause the ions in the layer of material to migrate therefrom into the person's skin or tissue.

4400169, Aug 23, 1983

Oct 27, 1980

6/200830

Robert L. Stephen - Salt Lake City UT

University of Utah Research Foundation - Salt Lake City UT

A61M 2500

604 49

A novel implantable, peritoneal injection catheter apparatus and method, the apparatus including an enlarged target surface, fluid-receiving reservoir mounted to one end of a hollow stem. The hollow stem is configured to extend into the peritoneal cavity and includes a retaining ring system for retaining the hollow stem in relationship to the peritoneal cavity. A penetrable membrane covers the enlarged target surface of the receiving reservoir and serves as an injection site for inserting a hollow needle into the receiving reservoir. A substantial portion of the injection catheter is covered with a velour coating to accommodate tissue ingrowth and further securement of the catheter in the tissue of the abdominal wall.

4081372, Mar 28, 1978

Dec 8, 1975

5/638729

Curtis Lyman Atkin - Salt Lake City UT
Robert Longfield Stephen - Salt Lake City UT

University of Utah - Salt Lake City UT

B01D 3100

210 94

Hemoglobin or hemolysate is used as an indicator for leakage detection in the dialysis membrane interface separating the sterile from the nonsterile circuitry in a recirculating peritoneal dialysis system. The indicator is dissolved in the steril dialysis fluid and is retained within the sterile circuit unless leakage occurs in the membrane. Upon rupture or other leakage in the membrane, fluid turbulance and pressure gradient cause crossflow between the sterile and nonsterile circuitry, endangering the patient with infection, peritonitis and endotoxin shock. Such crossflow is detected by the concurrent coloration caused by the mixing of hemoglobin indicator in the nosterile dialysis fluid.