PAUL WILLIAMS, PCC, LICDC
Marriage and Family Therapists at Wilson Bridge Rd, Columbus, OH

4027161, May 31, 1977

Apr 5, 1976

5/673534

Paul Williams - Columbus OH
Jon Francis Pugh - Columbus OH

Industrial Nucleonics Corporation - Columbus OH

G01J 100

250339

A property of a thin, infrared radiation-transmissive film of plastic or the like with specular surfaces is measured with substantial freedom from errors caused by wave interference effects, utilizing first and second infrared radiations having wavelengths selected so that one of the radiations is subject to greater absorption in the film material than the other radiation. Beams of each of the radiations are directed from a multiplicity of points as on the diffusively reflective inner surface of a sphere to a surface of the film at a broad spectrum of incidence angles so that the beams traverse a multiplicity of paths through the film constituting a broad spectrum of path lengths. Radiations leaving the film are intercepted and redirected from a multiplicity of points to a surface of the film at a broad spectrum of incidence angles so that the redirected radiations also traverse a multiplicity of paths through the film constituting a broad spectrum of path lengths. Each of the first and second radiations are detected with detecting means so arranged with respect to the directing and redirecting points that detected components of each radiation are added at substantially all possible phase angles and so that the components of each of the respective radiations at each of the possible phase angles approach equality of intensity as detected by the detecting means. A response produced is indicative of the film property as a function of the ratio of the detected intensities of the first and second infrared radiations.

4085326, Apr 18, 1978

Oct 19, 1976

5/734007

Paul Williams - Columbus OH

Industrial Nucleonics Corporation - Columbus OH

G01T 116, G01J 300

250339

Methods and apparatus are provided for gauging the thickness or other property of a plastic film such as blown film or other material having a front side, a back side, and characteristics including a substantial transparency to radiation at a reference wavelength and a degree of transparency depending on the value of the property at an absorption wavelength. These methods and apparatus provide a useful measurement of the material property in the presence or absence of detrimental effects such as those caused by a broadband absorbing substance (e. g. carbon black) or scattering substance (e. g. TiO. sub. 2) in the material, or variations in the apparent reflectivity of one or both of the surfaces on the front and back sides, as a result, for example, of the minute surface irregularities in high-density polyethylene. Radiations, typically infrared radiations at the reference and absorption wavelengths, are directed into the front side of the material, and reflected radiations including the reference and absorption wavelengths are detected from the front side at the specular reflection angle. From the detected radiations there is produced an instrument response wherein the effects of the reference and absorption wavelengths reflected from the front side have been selectively subdued, whereby the response is indicative of the value of the property primarily as a function of the reference and absorption wavelengths reflected from the back side of the material.

5563809, Oct 8, 1996

Apr 6, 1994

8/223702

Paul Williams - Columbus OH
Tom Domin - Galena OH
Eugene S. Green - Columbus OH
Roger A. Holmes - Dublin OH

ABB Industrial Systems, Inc. - Columbus OH

G06F 1900

364560

A paper web is monitored for measurement and manufacturing control by a stationary web sensor extending across the entire web which is raster scanned by the motion of the web. Massive amounts of data are processed by a look up table memory addressed by digitized sensor data and the output from a reference memory containing element specific information. The lookup table is loaded with data to define a characteristic or property of the web corresponding to digitized sensor data interpreted in view of element specific data from the reference memory. Rapidly processed data is stored in a memory in a form facilitating its display and interpretation by an operator of the web manufacturing machine and also control of the machine. By controlling operation of the machine, uniformity of the web is substantially improved and, by taking the measurements closely adjacent the initial processing end of the web, corrections of nonuniformity in the web are quickly effected. To measure and control absolute characteristics and properties of the web, a second, preferably stationary, sensor adjacent the finished end of the web monitors the web adjacent a takeup reel.

4450404, May 22, 1984

Oct 26, 1981

6/315173

Paul Williams - Columbus OH
Dan R. Landis - Bexley OH

Accuray Corporation - Columbus OH

G01B 710, G01B 1304, G01N 2772

324226

A gauging apparatus for sheet materials and the like comprises a surface follower body (14,20,30) adapted to be constrained without substantial solid bodily contact and guided (e. g. , by gas bearings between 32 and 36 and 38) for movement along a surface follower path that intersects the path of a traveling sheet (10) to be gauged. The body has a passage (46) adapted to carry a flow of pressurized gas to be discharged against one surface of the sheet. The discharge of the gas is effective when the body is at a predetermined distance from the surface to generate a levitating force (on 20) urging the body away from the sheet surface. Means (70,64,62) responsive to the pressure of the gas in the passage exerts on the body (at 64) a counteracting force that tends to move the body closer to the surface. The counteracting force increases when the pressure increases and decreases when the pressure decreases, and coacts with the levitating force in such a manner that the predetermined distance of the body from the surface is normally maintained substantially constant and is relatively unaffected by minor variations in the pressure of the gas in the passage.

5625196, Apr 29, 1997

May 30, 1995

8/453272

Paul Williams - Columbus OH

ABB Industrial Systems, Inc. - Columbus OH

G01N 2186

2505591

A detector of a measuring system sensitive to light energy receives light from a process being measured and also from a separate light source which is modulated such that it can be detected in signals generated by the detector. The separate light source is turned on and off to modulate its output such that output signals from the detector can be separated into on-times and off-times of the separate light source. The difference in on and off signal levels generated by the detector, or elements of the detector if the detector has a plurality of elements, are used to calibrate the detector. The light energy is conveyed to the detector by an energy conduit which may be a "leaky" optical fiber which receives light at one end and leaks the light out one sidewall along a portion of the fiber which is positioned adjacent to and preferably secured to the detector. The leaky optical fiber can be made by removing cladding from at least a portion of the sidewall along the portion of the fiber which is to leak light to the detector. Alternately, a bundle of fiber optics can be utilized with one end of the bundle receiving light and the other end being broken out to direct one or more of the fibers toward elements of the detector.

5398538, Mar 21, 1995

Jan 28, 1993

8/010652

Paul Williams - Columbus OH
Bradley M. Pankonin - Columbus OH

ABB Industrial Systems Inc. - Columbus OH

G01N 2918, G01N 2924

73 10V

The velocity or speed of ultrasonic energy in moving webs of material is measured on-line as the webs are manufactured by engaging and preferably scanning a measuring head over the web of material. Improved ultrasonic energy transducers are employed wherein a material contacting member is secured to an interface region between oppositely operated first and second regions which intensify and amplify the movement of the interface region and hence the material contacting member by operating in a push-pull mode relative to the interface region. The transducers are calibrated by means of reference paths having known ultrasonic transmission characteristics which reference paths are separate and apart from the web of material which is being measured. The transducers can be selectively contacted with the web of material or not under the influence of vacuum which is applied to a measuring head into which the transducers are installed. A large plurality of ultrasonic energy signals are received by one or more receiving transducers and digitally integrated or summed and averaged to eliminate substantial noise which is present on the received ultrasonic energy signals due to the relative motion of the transducers and the web of material being measured.

4801809, Jan 31, 1989

Jul 13, 1987

7/072505

Gary N. Burk - Columbus OH
Paul Williams - Columbus OH

Process Automation Business, Inc. - Columbus OH

G01N 2186

250559

Disclosed are sheet inspection apparatus and methods for rapid, repetitive measurement of a quality attribute in each of a plurality of measurement zones of a continuously-manufactured sheet of material, wherein measurement is based on the interaction of one or more radiation wavelength bands with one or more constituents of the sheet. Simultaneous resolution of measurement zones is provided in both scanning and non-scanning applications.

5243849, Sep 14, 1993

Apr 13, 1992

7/866293

Paul Williams - Columbus OH

Process Automation Business, Inc. - Columbus OH

G01B 1304

73 377

An air bearing gauge 10 is characterized by a flat land 30, instead of the prior art's "knife-edge" 30', so as to provide an area 32 over web 12 through which pressurized gas flows in escaping from the gas supply means 16 and the gas bearing region 24. The land 30 provides an upward scaling of the readings obtained on-line, which can correlate the reading to standard TAPPI caliper gauge measurements of sheets as are obtained off-line, in the laboratory.