MURRAY KATZ
Pilots at Whitewood Rd, Hartford, CT

4983472, Jan 8, 1991

Nov 24, 1989

7/440923

Murray Katz - Newington CT
Stanley P. Bonk - West Willington CT
Donald L. Maricle - Glastonbury CT
Martin Abrams - Glastonbury CT

International Fuel Cells Corporation - South Windsor CT

H01M 824

429 38

A fuel cell has a current collector plate (22) located between an electrode (20) and a separate plate (25). The collector plate has a plurality of arches (26, 28) deformed from a single flat plate in a checkerboard pattern. The arches are of sufficient height (30) to provide sufficient reactant flow area. Each arch is formed with sufficient stiffness to accept compressive load and sufficient resiliently to distribute the load and maintain electrical contact.

3932197, Jan 13, 1976

Dec 18, 1974

5/533918

Murray Katz - Newington CT
Arthur Kaufman - Bloomfield CT

Union Technologies Corporation - East Hartford CT

H01M 486, H01M 488

136120FC

A porous conducting particle, hydrophobic bonded, substrate supported electrode is prewetted with the electrolyte. A D. C. voltage is applied to the electrode to assist in the prewetting with the electrolyte. A soluble catalyst-containing material is then introduced into the electrode and the catalyst deposited within the electrode. By appropriate selection of the porous conducting particles and the catalyst-applying techniques, precise control of the location of the catalyst can be obtained. If graphite materials are used as the conducting particles, a catalyst-containing salt is allowed to dissolve in the electrolyte in the prewetted electrode, and the catalyst-containing material is reduced to the metal. If the reduction is done by reaction with a reducing gas such as hydrogen, the catalyst will be deposited only in those regions of the electrode at which there is an electrolyte-reactant gas interface which is in electrical-conducting relationship with the substrate. Alternatively, extremely precise amounts of catalyst can be deposited within the electrode structure by use of a solution of a compound of the catalyst whose wettability with the hydrophobic material varies as the solution evaporates.

4078119, Mar 7, 1978

May 17, 1976

5/686780

Murray Katz - Newington CT
Arthur Kaufman - Bloomfield CT

United Technologies Corporation - East Hartford CT

H01M 404

429 13

A porous conducting particle, hydrophobic bonded, substrate supported electrode is prewetted with the electrolyte. A D. C. voltage is applied to the electrode to assist in the prewetting with the electrolyte. A soluble catalyst-containing material is then introduced into the electrode structure and the catalyst deposited within the electrode. By appropriate selection of the porous conducting particles and the catalyst-applying techniques, precise control of the location of the catalyst can be obtained. If graphite materials are used as the conducting particles, a catalyst-containing salt is allowed to dissolve in the electrolyte in the prewetted electrode, and the catalyst-containing material is reduced to the metal. If the reduction is done by reaction with a reducing gas such as hydrogen, the catalyst will be deposited only in those regions of the electrode at which there is an electrolyte-reactant gas interface which is in electrical-conducting relationship with the substrate. Alternatively, extremely precise amounts of catalyst can be deposited within the electrode structure by use of a solution of a compound of the catalyst whose wettability with the hydrophobic material varies as the solution evaporates.

3979227, Sep 7, 1976

Jan 2, 1976

5/645962

Murray Katz - Newington CT
Arthur Kaufman - Bloomfield CT

United Technologies Corporation - East Hartford CT

H01M 488

427115

A porous conducting particle, hydrophobic bonded, substrate supported electrode is prewetted with the electrolyte. A D. C. voltage is applied to the electrode to assist in the prewetting with the electrolyte. A soluble catalyst-containing material is then introduced into the electrode structure and the catalyst deposited within the electrode. By appropriate selection of the porous conducting particles and the catalyst-applying techniques, precise control of the location of the catalyst can be obtained. If graphite materials are used as the conducting particles, a catalyst-containing salt is allowed to dissolve in the electrolyte in the prewetted electrode, and the catalyst-containing material is reduced to the metal. If the reduction is done by reaction with a reducing gas such as hydrogen, the catalyst will be deposited only in those regions of the electrode at which there is an electrolyte-reactant gas interface which is in electrical-conducting relationship with the substrate. Alternatively, extremely precise amounts of catalyst can be deposited within the electrode structure by use of a solution of a compound of the catalyst whose wettability with the hydrophobic material varies as the solution evaporates.

4761348, Aug 2, 1988

Mar 17, 1987

7/026819

H. Russell Kunz - Vernon CT
Robin J. Guthrie - East Hartford CT
Murray Katz - Newington CT

The United States of America as represented by the United States
Department of Energy - Washington DC

H01M 804, H01M 824, H01M 208

429 35

An electrolytic cell stack includes inactive electrolyte reservoirs at the upper and lower end portions thereof. The reservoirs are separated from the stack of the complete cells by impermeable, electrically conductive separators. Reservoirs at the negative end are initially low in electrolyte and the reservoirs at the positive end are high in electrolyte fill. During stack operation electrolyte migration from the positive to the negative end will be offset by the inactive reservoir capacity. In combination with the inactive reservoirs, a sealing member of high porosity and low electrolyte retention is employed to limit the electrolyte migration rate.

4596748, Jun 24, 1986

Apr 11, 1984

6/599130

Murray Katz - Newington CT
Harold R. Kunz - Vernon CT

United Technologies Corporation - Hartford CT

H01M 800

429 13

Electrolyte lost from a fuel cell, such as by evaporation, is replenished by introducing electrolyte from an external source into a reactant gas stream being delivered into the cell. The fresh electrolyte is vaporized or formed into droplets as it enters the cell such as by spraying the fresh electrolyte into the gas stream. If the electrolyte vapor pressure in the entering gas stream is made high enough, evaporation of the electrolyte from the cell can be halted or electrolyte can even be added to the cell from the gas stream.

4259302, Mar 31, 1981

Nov 8, 1979

6/092314

Murray Katz - Newington CT
Gary A. Gruver - South Windsor CT
H. Russell Kunz - Vernon CT

United Technologies Corporation - Hartford CT

B01D 5334

423237

Ammonia gas is scrubbed from a gas stream in a bed of material soaked with acid, and the bed is regenerated by passing an oxygen containing gas therethrough. The preferred acid is phosphoric acid and the preferred support material is carbon in the form of porous particles. In a fuel cell system dual scrubbers alternately scrub ammonia from reform gas and are subsequently regenerated so as to provide the fuel cells with a continuous flow of substantially ammonia free hydrogen.

5009968, Apr 23, 1991

Sep 8, 1989

7/405251

Robin J. Guthrie - East Hartford CT
Murray Katz - Newington CT
Craig R. Schroll - Glastonbury CT

International Fuel Cells Corporation - South Windsor CT

H01M 802, H01M 824

429 26

The end plates (16) of a fuel cell stack (12) are formed of a thin membrane. Pressure plates (20) exert compressive load through insulation layers (22, 26) to the membrane. Electrical contact between the end plates (16) and electrodes (50, 58) is maintained without deleterious making and breaking of electrical contacts during thermal transients. The thin end plate (16) under compressive load will not distort with a temperature difference across its thickness. Pressure plate (20) experiences a low thermal transient because it is insulated from the cell. The impact on the end plate of any slight deflection created in the pressure plate by temperature difference is minimized by the resilient pressure pad, in the form of insulation, therebetween.

3990912, Nov 9, 1976

Jun 13, 1974

5/479011

Murray Katz - Newington CT

United Technologies Corporation - Hartford CT

H01M 818

429 14

In a fuel cell stack utilizing an alkali metal electrolyte, the electrolyte is distributed in parallel between the electrodes of a plurality of fuel cells and is then fed to regenerator cell which converts carbonate ions to molecular CO. sub. 2 gas which is discharged from the cell. Regeneration is effected through the establishment of a hydroxyl ion gradient within a regenerator cell. The regenerated electrolyte is then returned to the fuel cells. In this manner a carbonate buildup in the cells is prevented.

5206094, Apr 27, 1993

Nov 30, 1990

7/621098

Murray Katz - Newington CT

The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Air
Force - Washington DC

H01M 804, H01M 812

429 26

A fuel cell stack is cooled by evaporation of water into a carrier gas such as fuel or oxidant. The coolant and the carrier gas are separately supplied to the cooler, and this allows the fuel cell to operate at high pressure without raising cell temperature.