LEON P SUDRABIN
Engineering in Berkeley Heights, NJ

4457821, Jul 3, 1984

Jan 17, 1983

6/458390

Leon P. Sudrabin - Berkeley Heights NJ
Paul Kaiser - Union NJ

Pennwalt Corporation - Philadelphia PA

C23F 1300

204196

Cathodic protection apparatus employs a grid-type or rod-type anode secured within an electrically insulating tube disposed within an inlet-outlet pipe entering the vessel, the pipe comprising the gross bare area. The vessel is well coated but yet contains minute flaws or bare areas to expose underlying metal, typically steel, to the corroding electrolyte, typically water, contained within the vessel. By maintaining a negative vessel-to-water potential between 0. 85 and 1. 10 volts as measured between the well coated vessel surface and a saturated copper-copper sulfate reference electrode placed in the water adjacent the coated vessel surface, good corrosion control at the minute flaws is readily effected.

4235688, Nov 25, 1980

Jun 27, 1978

5/919600

Leon P. Sudrabin - Berkeley Heights NJ
Stephen F. Billets - Cedar Grove NJ
Van Dyke J. Pollitt - Fanwood NJ
Lubomyr Liszczynsky - Cedar Grove NJ

Pennwalt Corporation - Philadelphia PA

G01N 2730

204195F

A salt bridge reference electrode, immersible in an electrolyte, contains a metal electrode contacting water saturated salt crystals and is configured so both evaporative loss of contained water and diffusion loss of contained salt crystals are minimal. An electrolytically conductive plug, having metallic salt crystals in suspension, within the cell, maintains electrolytic continuity between the water-saturated salt crystals and the surrounding electrolyte while minimizing loss of salt crystals from the saturated water into the surrounding electrolyte by osmosis.