Justin Darrell Clark
Social Work in Salt Lake City, UT

6766191, Jul 20, 2004

May 16, 2000

09/571459

Robert Gail Billings - Salt Lake City UT
Justin S. Clark - Salt Lake City UT
Jon Neese - Holladay UT

Microcor, Inc. - Salt Lake City UT

A61B 500

600547, 600365, 600384, 600390

The hematocrit of blood (i. e. , the percentage of whole blood volume occupied by red blood cells) perfusing a finger is determined by stimulating the finger with two current frequencies, one relatively high (e. g. , 10 MHZ) and the other relatively low (e. g. , 100 KHz). Voltages induced in the finger in response to the two current frequencies are then captured and separated into baseline and pulsatile components. The hematocrit is determined as a function of the ratio of the high frequency pulsatile component to the low frequency pulsatile component, multiplied by the ratio of the square of the low frequency baseline component to the square of the high frequency baseline component. The volume of blood perfusing the body part at which hematocrit is to be measured may be increased on each pulse by the application of external pressure to the finger, such as by applying a pressure cuff to the finger. Assemblages including two pairs of electrodes are used to effect the determination of hematocrit. The assemblages may also include a component for applying pressure to the body part at which hematocrit is measured.

4256461, Mar 17, 1981

May 17, 1979

6/039776

William D. Wallace - Salt Lake City UT
Christopher A. Cutler - Bountiful UT
Justin S. Clark - Salt Lake City UT
Frederick L. Farr - Salt Lake City UT

G01N 3396, G01N 3350

23230B

Method and apparatus for gas-liquid equilibration (tonometry) in a transportable vessel. Specifically the method and device is concerned with tonometry of blood or buffer solution in a syringe. The compartment formed when a syringe plunger is partially inserted into a syringe barrel serves as a tonometer chamber where gas of known composition is bubbled through a liquid sample. Gas enters the chamber through small holes in the tip of the syringe plunger and bubbles upward through the sample. The syringe plunger itself is a second chamber which is used for heating and humidifying the gas prior to entering the tonometer chamber. The entire syringe is housed in a temperature controlled environment during equilibration. This environment allows observation of the entire tonometry process. After equilibration the syringe tonometer is easily removed from the heat controlled environment and is used as the sample's transport vessel.

6128518, Oct 3, 2000

Jul 23, 1998

9/121000

Robert Gail Billings - Salt Lake City UT
Justin S. Clark - Salt Lake City UT
Jon Neese - Holladay UT
Allan L. Kaminsky - Holladay UT

Microcor, Inc. - Salt Lake City UT

A61B 505

600345

The hematocrit of blood (i. e. , the percentage of whole blood volume occupied by red blood cells) perfusing a finger is determined by stimulating the finger with two current frequencies, one relatively high (e. g. , 10 MHZ) and the other relatively low (e. g. , 100 KHz). Voltages induced in the finger in response to the two current frequencies are then captured and separated into baseline and pulsatile components. The hematocrit is determined as a function of the ratio of the high frequency pulsatile component to the low frequency pulsatile component, multiplied by the ratio of the square of the low frequency baseline component to the square of the high frequency baseline component. The signal-to-noise ratio of the captured voltages can be enhanced by the application of external pressure to the finger, such as by applying a pressure cuff to the finger.

5111817, May 12, 1992

Dec 29, 1988

7/291769

Justin S. Clark - Salt Lake City UT
William D. Wallace - Midvale UT

Medical Physics, Inc. - Salt Lake City UT

A61B 502

128633

A noninvasive system and method for monitoring arterial oxygen saturation levels which may also be used to continuously and noninvasively monitor blood pressure, including generating a continuous blood pressure waveform. The apparatus of the described embodiment includes a red LED and an infrared LED which are positioned to direct their respective light beams into, or reflected by a patient's body part. A phototransducer device is positioned to receive the light beams which are transmitted through the body part. A pressure cuff surrounds the body part and the LEDs. During calibration periods, pressure is applied to the body part and the systolic and mean blood pressures are determined and the arterial oxygen saturation level in the body part is determined. The pressure is then released from the body part and another arterial oxygen saturation level is determined and the difference between the two oxygen saturation levels is used as a calibration factor during later monitoring periods to remove the effect of nonarterial oxygen saturation levels on the values obtained during the subsequent monitoring period. The systolic and mean arterial pressures measured during a calibration period are used to develop a Hardy model compliance curve wherein the pressure-volume relationship of the arteries is determined.

4363327, Dec 14, 1982

Aug 22, 1980

6/180369

Justin S. Clark - Salt Lake City UT

Intermountain Health Care - Salt Lake City UT

A61B 508

128719

A non-invasive cyclic injection method for determining pulmonary blood flow, the ventilation-perfusion distribution and functional residual capacity, which consists of the non-invasive cyclical introduction of soluble and insoluble inert gases into the airstream of the human patient, each period of introduction followed by a similar period free from the introduction of soluble inert gases to allow for the washout of their concentrated buildup in the venous system. Sampling and analysis of expired air during all parts of the cyclic injection and non-injection of gases takes place with the results being electronically obtained and translated into digital data indicative of the parameter being determined.

6910383, Jun 28, 2005

Dec 23, 2002

10/325868

Yeong-Jeong Ou - Keelung, TW
TaiKang Shing - Hsinchu, TW
Justin Clark - Salt Lake City UT, US
Ke-Shieng Yang - Taipei, TW
Jeng-Shie Chung - Hsinchu, TW

Industrial Technology Research Institute - Hsinchu

G01L009/00

73754

A micro pressure sensor comprising a glass substrate or a bulk silicon wafer with a rampart protruding from the surface and a plurality of first contacting pads, a thin membrane having a plurality of piezo-resistors, circuit patterns, and a plurality of second contact pads, and conducting lines, wherein the plurality of contact pads are partially exposed to outside. The rampart on the substrate has a cavity formed on the center of the top surface of the rampart. The top surface of the rampart is tightly bonded to the surface of the thin membrane. The piezo-resistors are sealed in the cavity. Preferably, the micro sensor further comprises a plurality of thermo sensors, and a plurality of temperature-controlling elements all enclosed inside the cavity, and additional protective layers formed on the exposure regions of all contact pads.

4221567, Sep 9, 1980

Dec 23, 1977

5/863802

Justin S. Clark - Salt Lake City UT
William D. Wallace - Salt Lake City UT
Frederick L. Farr - Salt Lake City UT

Intermountain Health Care - Salt Lake City UT

G01N 3316

23230B

Method and system for sampling and determining chemical substances such as blood gases, in a fluid matrix, such as blood, by bringing the chemical substances into equilibrium with a liquid in a fiber probe, passing the equilibrated liquid to a sensor adjacent the equilibrium region and on into a hollow fiber line enclosed in a calibration chamber. Calibration of the sensors is accomplished by reversing the flow of liquid from the hollow fiber line to the sensors. In the system chemical substances for sensor calibration are provided by an electric proportioner whose output is continuously controlled by the output of the sensors such that the substances proportioned into a fluid in the calibration chamber surrounding the hollow fiber line are substantially the same as the substances within the matrix. The concentration of substances is determined by the output of the sensors and the amount of substances fed from the proportioner to the fluid surrounding the hollow fiber line. When the substances being measured are in equilibrium with both the matrix and fluid surrounding the hollow fiber line, a null response is obtained at the sensors.

4424276, Jan 3, 1984

Dec 7, 1981

6/327756

Justin S. Clark - Salt Lake City UT
Ming-Cheng Yen - Salt Lake City UT

Intermountain Health Care - Salt Lake City UT

G01N 3348

436 50

Method and apparatus for determining the gaseous content of a diluent, such as determining the oxygen or carbon dioxide content of blood. A sample of the diluent whose gaseous content is to be measured is anaerobically pumped past a junction tee after being placed in a reservoir. A second diluent, not part of the sample, is equilibrated with a gas (not the gas to be measured) in a first tonometer. This second equilibrated diluent is pumped past the junction tee where it is mixed with the diluent sample. The gas in the second diluent is selectively chosen to drive the gas to be measured into the dissolved phase. The diluent mixture is then allowed to flow through an appropriate sensor that senses the presence of the gas to be measured. This first measurement is stored in a suitable controller, such as a microprocessor. The controller, after causing the system to be flushed of all traces of the diluent sample, prepares a mixture of two selected diluents, such as first and second saline solutions, one of which is equilibrated in a tonometer to have 0% of the gas to be measured therein, and the other of which is equilibrated in another tonometer to have a known percent of the gas to be measured therein.

4221224, Sep 9, 1980

Jun 29, 1978

5/920167

Justin S. Clark - Salt Lake City UT

Intermountain Health Care - Salt Lake City UT
Primary Children's Medical Center - Salt Lake City UT

A61B 508

128718

A non-airtight method for determining alveolar ventilation, oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide production which comprises introducing a known amount of an inert gas into the airway of a patient during inspiration and monitoring the expired gas until a steady state is reached wherein the volume of inert gas inhaled is equal to the amount exhaled and subsequently monitoring the expired air containing a known volume of inert gas for inert gas, carbon dioxide and oxygen concentrations.