DR. JOHN A CADWELL, M.D.
Physical Therapy at Kellogg St, Kennewick, WA

5047005, Sep 10, 1991

Jul 5, 1990

7/548025

John A. Cadwell - Kennewick WA

Cadwell Industries, Inc. - Kennwick WA

A61B 1505

600 13

An efficient method and apparatus for magnetically stimulating the neural pathways of a higher level organism, namely the human body, is disclosed. The method includes selectively applying sinusoidally fluctuating electric power to a stimulator coil that overlies the neurons to be stimulated. The frequency of the power and, thus, the period of magnetic field produced by the coil is chosen to correspond to the time constant of the neurons to be stimulated. Realizable values fall in the range of 1. 25 to 1. 43 times the time constant of the neurons to be stimulated. The current and voltage of the applied power are in phase quadrature with the current lagging the voltage. During the first polarity (e. g. , positive) excursion of the applied voltage, the magnetic field produced by the coil is insufficient to stimulate the underlying neurons, i. e. , create a neuron depolarizing electric field.

7914350, Mar 29, 2011

Apr 13, 2010

12/758931

John M. Bozich - Kennewick WA, US
John Cadwell - Kennewick WA, US

Cadwell Labs - Kennewick WA

H01R 4/48

439822, 439506, 439759, 439829, 439909

An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for creating an electrical connection with an electrically conductive element. The apparatus includes a first contact element having an engagement surface for engaging a first side of the electrically conductive element and a second contact element positioned opposite the first contact element includes an opposing engagement surface for engaging a second side of the electrically conductive element. The first contact element is slideable past the second contact element to form a scissor-like jaw. A valley formed in at least one of the engagement surface and the opposing engagement surface of the first and second contact elements creates a stage. At least one of the first and the second contact elements are made of an electrically conductive material that conducts an electrical current between the electrically conductive element and at least one of the first and second contact elements.

2012010, May 3, 2012

Oct 27, 2010

12/913603

John Cadwell - Kennewick WA, US

CADWELL LABS - Kennewick WA

A61B 5/05

600554

An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for mapping the location of a nerve. The apparatus includes at least one stimulation module, a stimulation detection module, a distance module, and a mapping module. The stimulation module stimulates a nerve with an electrical stimulation current from at least one stimulation electrode. A stimulation detection module detects a muscle reaction resulting from stimulation of the nerve by the at least one stimulation electrode. The distance module uses information from the at least one stimulation electrode and from the stimulation detection module to calculate a distance between the at least one stimulation electrode and the nerve. The mapping module maps a location on the nerve using at least two distances calculated by the distance module and position information of the at least one stimulation electrode for each of the at least two distances calculated.

5078674, Jan 7, 1992

Sep 7, 1990

7/579042

John A. Cadwell - Kennewick WA

Cadwll Industries, Inc. - Kennewick WA

A61N 202

600 13

Magnetic stimulator coils having a definable region wherein magnetic field intensity is greater than at other regions of the coil are disclosed. The definable region is formed by one or more corners in a coil and/or by a higher concentration of windings in one region of the coil. Because the magnetic field produced at the definable region of the windings is higher than at other regions, the location where stimulation is to occur is better defined when the definable region of a coil formed in accordance with the invention is suitably positioned on the skin of a patient and energized by a suitable power source. Preferably, the windings are splayed because splayed winding stimuator coils are more efficient than concentrated winding stimulator coils. Efficiency is better because magnetic field intensity is reduced where windings are splayed due to a reduction in mutual inductance. A less intense magnetic field results in the need for less power to create the desired magnetic field in the region where the windings are more concentrated.

4994015, Feb 19, 1991

Feb 10, 1989

7/309915

John A. Cadwell - Kennewick WA

Cadwell Industries, Inc. - Kennewick WA

A61N 202

600 13

Magnetic stimulator coils having a definable region wherein magnetic field intensity is greater than at other regions of the coil are disclosed. The definable region is formed by one or more corners in a coil and/or by a higher concentration of windings in one region of the coil. Because the magnetic field produced at the definable region of the windings is higher than at other regions, the location where stimulation is to occur is better defined when the definable region of a coil formed in accordance with the invention is suitably positioned on the skin of a patient and energized by a suitable power source. Preferably, the windings are splayed because splayed winding stimulator coils are more efficient than concentrated winding stimulator coils. Efficiency is better because magnetic field intensity is reduced where windings are splayed due to a reduction in mutual inductance. A less intense magnetic field results in the need for less power to create the desired magnetic field in the region where the windings are more concentrated.

4940453, Jul 10, 1990

Jan 28, 1987

7/008210

John A. Cadwell - Kennewick WA

Cadwell Industries, Inc. - Kennewick WA

A61B 1505

600 13

An efficient method and apparatus for magnetically stimulating the neural pathways of a higher level organism, namely the human body, is disclosed. The method includes selectively applying sinusoidally fluctuating electric power to a stimulator coil that overlies the neurons to be stimulated. The frequency of the power and, thus, the period of magnetic field produced by the coil is chosen to correspond to the time constant of the neurons to be stimulated. Realizable values fall in the range of 1. 25 to 1. 43 times the time constant of the neurons to be stimulated. The current and voltage of the applied power are in phase quadrature with the current lagging the voltage. During the first polarity (e. g. , positive) excursion of the applied voltage, the magnetic field produced by the coil is insufficient to stimulate the underlying neurons, i. e. , create a neuron depolarizing electric field.

5116304, May 26, 1992

May 10, 1991

7/698397

John A. Cadwell - Kennewick WA

Cadwell Industries, Inc. - Kennewick WA

A61N 100

600 13

A magnetic stimulator comprising a skullcap-shaped magnetic stimulator coil (13) connected to a suitable power supply (15) is disclosed. More specifically, the coil (13) is wound from bottom to top such that its shape defines a skullcap, i. e. , a somewhat flat truncated cone with sides that curve slightly outwardly. While flexible enough to be coiled, the wire (21) used to create the coil has a relatively large AC carrying capacity for its size. The preferred wire is litz wire, or copper strip wire, i. e. , wire that has a large periphery/cross-sectional area ratio. A layer of suitably soft material (23) is located on the inside of the coil (13) to provide a cushion between the coil and a human cranium (17) positioned beneath the coil (13). When triggered, the power supply produces sinusoidally fluctuating electrical power adequate to create a magnetic field suitable for stimulating the deeply located neurons (17) of a human cranium (17) positioned beneath the skullcap-shaped coil (13), i. e. , adequate to create a neuron depolarizing electric field deeply within the cranium.