Inventors:
Stephen D. Dunmead - Midland MI
Alan W. Weimer - Niwot CO
Assignee:
The Dow Chemical Company - Midland MI
International Classification:
C04B 3558, C01B 2100
Abstract:
A submicrometer transition metal carbonitride is produced having the formula:
M. sub. a M'. sub. b M". sub. (1-a-b) (C. sub. 1-x) N. sub. x). sub. z
wherein M is Ti, Zr or Hf; M' is V, Nb or Ta; M" is Cr, Mo or W; a ranges from 0 to 1; b ranges from 0 to 1 with the proviso that (a +b) is less than or equal to 1; x ranges from about 0. 02 to about 0. 95 and z ranges from about 0. 9 to about 2. The transition metal carbonitride is produced by mixing (a) a transition metal oxide source of a transition metal in the above formula and (b) a carbon source such as carbon black. This mixture is heated at a rate of between about 100K/sec to about 100,000,000K/sec in a nitrogen containing non-oxidizing gas such as nitrogen or nitrogen mixed with argon to an elevated temperature that makes carbothermal reduction of the transition metal oxide source thermodynamically favorable for a residence time sufficient to convert the transition metal oxide source into at least one product selected from the group consisting of (i) a transition metal carbonitride and (ii) a transition metal carbonitride precursor. The product may be exposed to a finishing step involving heating the product to a temperature less than the elevated temperature in a finishing atmosphere such as nitrogen, hydrogen, inert gas or combinations thereof to form submicrometer carbonitrides of higher purity or different stoichiometry.