Aaron Keith Hawkins
Burglar Alarm in Provo, UT

7127146, Oct 24, 2006

Sep 9, 2005

11/223293

Holger Schmidt - Capitola CA, US
Aaron Roe Hawkins - Provo UT, US

The Regents of the University of California - Oakland CA
Brigham Young University - Provo UT

G02B 6/10

385129, 385 12

An optical waveguide is constructed so as to comprise a non-solid core layer surrounded by a solid-state material. The non-solid core layer has an index of refraction which is lower than the index of refraction of the surrounding solid-state material, and light can be transmitted with low loss through the non-solid core layer. In an exemplary application, the non-solid core layer comprises a sample material whose light transmission, absorption, and/or interference characteristics are to be measured. In addition, a perpendicular waveguide portion may be included for use in injecting light into the core for measuring fluorescence characteristics associated with the sample material. Most preferably, the optical waveguide is generally structured as an anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguide (ARROW), which comprises a Fabry-Perot reflector adjacent to the core layer, whereby light is substantially prevented from leaking out of said core in a transverse direction.

7149396, Dec 12, 2006

Jun 15, 2004

10/868475

Holger Schmidt - Capitola CA, US
Aaron Roe Hawkins - Provo UT, US

The Regents of the University of California - Oakland CA
Brigham Young University - Provo UT

G01N 21/00, G02B 6/10

385131, 385129, 356432, 356436, 356440, 356441, 356442

An optical waveguide is constructed so as to comprise a non-solid core layer surrounded by a solid-state material. The non-solid core layer has an index of refraction which is lower than the index of refraction of the surrounding solid-state material, and light can be transmitted with low loss through the non-solid core layer. In an exemplary application, the non-solid core layer comprises a sample material whose light transmission, absorption, and/or interference characteristics are to be measured. In addition, a perpendicular waveguide portion may be included for use in injecting light into the core for measuring fluorescence characteristics associated with the sample material. Most preferably, the optical waveguide is generally structured as an anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguide (ARROW), which comprises a Fabry-Perot reflector adjacent to the core layer, whereby light is substantially prevented from leaking out of said core in a transverse direction.

7205782, Apr 17, 2007

Jul 11, 2005

11/179873

Aaron Hawkins - Provo UT, US
Travis Oliphant - Spanish Fork UT, US
Stephen Schultz - Spanish Fork UT, US

Brigham Young University - Provo UT

G01R 31/00, A61B 5/05

324750, 324612, 3241581, 600547

The resolution and contrast of impedance measurements and scans are improved by using a non-contact impedance probe comprising an inner conductor configured to bear a measurement signal and an outer conductor configured to bear a shielding signal. The measurement signal and shielding signal are selected to increase the directionality of the flux emitted from the impedance probe. In one embodiment, the measurement signal and the shielding signal are phase locked signals. A sample may be placed in a basin having a conductive surface that receives the flux emitted from the impedance probe. By filling the basin with a conductive solution, direct contact between the probe and the sample may be avoided along with the associated variability in contact resistance. The small highly-directional flux emitting area achievable with the present invention enables high resolution high contrast non-contact scanning of biological and non-biological materials.

7444053, Oct 28, 2008

Mar 14, 2006

11/376442

Holger Schmidt - Capitola CA, US
Aaron Roe Hawkins - Provo UT, US
David W. Deamer - Santa Cruz CA, US

The Regents of the University of California - Oakland CA
Brigham Young University - Provo UT

G02B 6/10

385129, 385 14

An optical waveguide is constructed so as to comprise a non-solid core layer surrounded by a solid-state material, wherein light can be transmitted with low loss through the non-solid core layer, and an electrical component is in fluid communication with the non-solid core layer. The electrical component controls movement of sample material through the non-solid core. The optical wave guide provides light confinement with structured dielectric materials. A presently preferred implementation of the invention employs anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguides (ARROWs or ARROW). Liquid-core waveguides may also be implemented using other dielectric confinement methods where the layers are periodic, such as Bragg mirrors, holey photonic crystal fiber, and omniguides.

7248771, Jul 24, 2007

Oct 14, 2005

11/251014

Holger Schmidt - Capitola CA, US
Aaron Roe Hawkins - Provo UT, US

Brigham Young University - Provo UT
The Regents of the University of California - Oakland CA

G02B 6/10

385129, 385131

An optical waveguide is constructed so as to comprise a non-solid core layer surrounded by a solid-state material and a nanopore or micropore in fluid communication with the core. The non-solid core layer has an index of refraction which is lower than the index of refraction of the surrounding solid-state material, and light can be transmitted with low loss through the non-solid core layer. In an exemplary application, the non-solid core layer comprises a sample material whose light transmission, absorption, and/or interference characteristics are to be measured. In addition, a perpendicular waveguide portion may be included for use in injecting light into the core for measuring fluorescence characteristics associated with the sample material. Most preferably, the optical waveguide is generally structured as an anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguide (ARROW), which comprises a Fabry-Perot reflector adjacent to the core layer, whereby light is substantially prevented from leaking out of said core in a transverse direction.

7723679, May 25, 2010

Feb 25, 2008

12/036999

Samuel E. Tolley - Springville UT, US
Daniel E. Austin - Mapleton UT, US
Aaron R. Hawkins - Provo UT, US
Edgar D. Lee - Highland UT, US

Brigham Young University - Provo UT

B01D 59/44, H01J 49/00

250292, 250281, 250282, 250287, 250290

A coaxial hybrid ion trap that uses two substantially planar opposing plates to generate electrical focusing fields that simultaneously generate at least two different types or shapes of trapping regions, wherein a first trapping region is a quadrupole trapping region disposed coaxially with respect to the opposing plates, and wherein a second trapping region is a toroidal ion trap having a toroidal trapping region that is simultaneously created around the quadrupole trapping region.

7485950, Feb 3, 2009

Jul 14, 2006

11/457710

Aaron R. Hawkins - Provo UT, US
Hong-Wei Lee - Meridian ID, US

Brigham Young University - Provo UT

H01L 29/06

257656, 257458, 257 11, 257E29336, 257E31061

An input signal comprising electronic carriers is injected into an impact ionization device with a high electric field whereupon the electronic carriers are accelerated toward an electron collector or hole sink and subsequently ionize additional electrons and holes that accelerated toward the electron collector and hole sink respectively. When properly biased an avalanche effect may occur that is proportional to the current injected into the impact ionization device via the input electrode. As a result, the input signal is amplified to provide an amplified signal. The described amplifier may be integrated with an input device such as a photodiode, and a transimpedance output amplifier onto a common substrate resulting in high performance high density sensor arrays and the like.

8385693, Feb 26, 2013

Jun 16, 2011

13/161748

Holger Schmidt - Capitola CA, US
Aaron Roe Hawkins - Provo UT, US

Brigham Young University - Provo UT
The Regents of the University of California - Oakland CA

G02B 6/10, G01N 21/00

385 12, 385131, 385134, 356432, 356437, 356440

An optical waveguide is provided comprising a non-solid core layer surrounded by a solid-state material, wherein light can be transmitted with low loss through the non-solid core layer. A vapor reservoir is in communication with the optical waveguide. One implementation of the invention employs a monolithically integrated vapor cell, e. g. , an alkali vapor cell, using anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguides, or ARROW waveguides, on a substrate.

2013024, Sep 19, 2013

Nov 18, 2011

13/988217

Holger Schmidt - Capitola CA, US
Aaron Roe Hawkins - Provo UT, US

BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY - Provo UT
THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - Oakland CA

G01N 21/64

435 5, 4352887

An optofluidic platform is constructed so as to comprise a planar, liquid-core integrated optical waveguides for specific detection of nucleic acids. Most preferably, the optical waveguides comprises antiresonant reflecting optical waveguide (ARROWs). A liquid solution can be prepared and introduced into the optofluidic platform for optical excitation. The resulting optical signal can be collected at the edges of the optofluidic platform and can be analyzed to determine the existence of a single and/or a specific nucleic acid.